Say goodbye
Clear Lu Xun, this idea is long-standing. I think , not I do not belong to this matter. No matter result how to; Also no matter the sound that has sympathetic response between lifetime, this road I accept as unavoidable , I will go alone.
OneSay goodbye
Get up in the morning, the busy over matter of household duties, take from bookcase" the biography of Lu Xun". This is a very old book, since browse too much, book angle rapid mill is round. Cover unexpectedly on title page: " in Shanghai saddle mountain, study reading room" Zhang. " day is which! " that but my Alma Mater that reads.
Has Alma Mater given me what? Want to come carefully, it has given me some knowledge finally. Though I do not know this knowledge whether is a " minute is useless, the deception of nine point ", but I will say sound for Alma Mater still: " thanks! "
Have said," thanks ", I will say ," say goodbye ". Because of Alma Mater have gone on with inglorious way for me cannot resistance instil into. Reserving to my impression most deepen is the host of this book: Lu Xun. Namely, Alma Mater deeply prints Lu Xun with the means of cannot dispute with the image of supernatural brand, carve in my brain. I can be clear so far to remember language< xml:namespace prefix=st1 ns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags"/>< personname w:st=on productid=鏂?Writing< personname/>Teacher thinks of woollen chairman quotation on classroom those tune of cadence: " Lu Xun is the chief commander of the revolution of Chinese culture, he is not only great writer , and is great thinker and great revolutionist. The bone of Lu Xun is most hard, he has no slightest Nu face and obsequiousness, this is colony semi-colonial people most may valuable personality. Lu Xun is the majority that represent the clan of whole people on cultural battle line, it is most correct, most brave, most firm, most faithful as charging forward to side with enemy , most the unprecedented national hero of zeal. The direction of Lu Xun is the direction of the new culture of Chinese nation. "
Farewell Alma Mater is the purpose that signifies to clear Lu Xun and clears Lu Xun , is to sue other Alma Mater for genuine meaning. I on hand " this biography of Lu Xun " is also the umbilical cord of only reservation finally as me and Alma Mater. Now, I will cut off it without any hesitation completely thoroughly.
Alma Mater, " wash brain processing site". Though action has been processed object, the tuition that I therefore pay is not very high, but it is a kind of actual dictatorship of " ideology " for me. Lu Xun, only embed slowly in the process of this dictatorship my cerebrum, let me wave do not go , can not get rid of. Now, I put forward to clear Lu Xun , actually is for that dictatorship times settle accounts.
2 ,The face
I stare the photograph of Lu Xun on title page. For this familiar portrait go on again focusing perspective, I discover suddenly: This is a face of native soil. The face of native soil goes up Yun contain the customs of native soil, the native soil and personality of native soil are spiritual.
" when in front of I present a face, from the hair that rises like a tower to his strong jawbone, without place, it is firm to not be permeated with and is resolute. A kind of calm look is only that perfect sincere talent has. Under forehead, two eyes are sharp , and are melancholy. Eye and mouth submit to show him benevolence and heartfelt sympathy, as soon as wiping beard, cover his benevolence seemingly to pass. "" these special qualities show also in his works, in his life . . . . . . "( see Xu Shou Shang: " Lu Xun that I know "" the life of Lu Xun"P1617).
This is that Mr Xu Shou ShangH.E.shadickSwallow big English department professor director is to stem from " for the admiration of Lu Xun " make happen as above depict. Certainly, this is a speech in other words. Now, what I will tell all is: I must face present situation; As if me of Lu Xun has made great efforts again and again, the work of giving up halfway eventually - - faces nationalness.
Lu Xun's fails , lie in he when face nationalness at the same time give overlook self: " yes, " he hesitates , say at last, " I have decided to study literature and art. The idiot of China, bad idiot, Qi is medical science can treatment? "
" relatively one of our wry smile, because this idiot bad idiot two big kinds and book are the informations of our daily talk. "( see Xu Shou Shang: " Lu Xun that I know "" bosom deceased friend Lu Xun"P7).
" idiot, bad idiot ". This is typical peasant language. This is a pair of face of native soil can tell me all: Others is idiot , bad idiot, one of only his person is a good son. Lu Xun, with you having no choice is the blood that flows out the ancestors of " idiot " also.
Xu Shou Shang name Lu Xun " under speech all over the sky ". " Lu Xun is the tutor of youth, his book is not only read for the youthes of this modern generation to like. I believe that will be also the 3 generation person of second generation. . . . . Youthes like to read. " I agree that horse builds the such a book written: " it is bright to make your coating on the tongue or empty shallow lake ". As to " second generation 3 generation " so that again afterwards the words of " acting youthes like to read ", I would rather make such appraisement:A, this is that Xu ShouB, when a kind of ear mentions surface life state in, youthes are to take reading the book of Lu Xun in classroom , but are not to read in view of" love" , and are to have no choice. My position belongs to the 3 generation youth person who allows life skirt title , is so, get the message of Lu Xun so.
Now, when I want to settle accounts for Lu Xun, I discover Lu Xun in early stage to be a " many angers " , " scold well", " is suspicious", "revenge" person. In a word in short: It is the scholar of native soil of a impetuousness, then Lu Xun of issue is one chatters away , chatter , as if the figure that its self moulds " Xiang Lin sister-in-law " is general, one has not counted the person of language, this is nearly impossible to undergo the pain of soul that this kind of spiritual suffering brings.
It is good, please promise I for this face of native soil again focusing. Process this time focusing, perspective makes the inside information of this dense face behind: The face of a "father". The face of this "father" has also been that Lu Xun abhors in person. This may from the 5 that he writes on 25th in May 1927 Chang in meeting( see " dynasty colored night ten") a writing can so as is clear at a glance.
" children hope besides, celebrate the New Year to celebrate a festival , the time that will probably go to meet supernatural sports meet frequently. Because it is far that eastern barrier is away from city, in big early morning, all get up. Zuo the night big ship of the 3 clear tile windows that reserve well, have anchored in river first port, ship chair, meal, tea urn and refreshments box , is moving successively. It is jumped that I smile , urge they will move quickly. Suddenly, the expression of worker very Su , it is odd that I know some, all sides one sees , father stands in my behind. . . . . .
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It is such book, I now remembers former 4 sentences, other have forgotten; The 230 lines that winner remembers then , nature also forgets together inside. Hear person then to say that read to" reflect to omit the 1000 word writings " than read " " , " 100 surnames" is more useful , because may know that is from ancient to this general idea. Know that is from ancient to this general idea, that is very good certainly, however even one is mine, word does not be also understood. " Yue from coil ancient " is " Yue from coil ancient ", read , remember it, " Yue from coil ancient " He! " give birth in neglect too " He! . . . . ..
I have seemingly been sure very much suddenly , have stood to get up , take book to go into the study of father , will go down behind, dream is over behind. " is good. Go Ba. " father point head, say.
All at the same time move about , face goes up show smile, go to river port. Worker holds me high, seemingly as congratulating my success, will soon walk go in the most former head. I have no them to develop so high. Set sail afterwards, the scenery in waterway, the refreshments in box, as well as having gone to east the 5 of barrier Chang meeting is lively, for me, seemingly have no general idea to think.
Now, is turn for Lu Xun to be father. He again do have to be how about? Such papa, what papa! ? This is that his son sea baby gives one of his stern criticism. He since have also recognized , pair son " will also scold sometimes, hit even. " this matter occurs is in 1935< chsdate w:st=on year=2007 month=8 day=7 islunardate=False isrocdate=False>August< chsdate/>.
Then, is again turn for sea baby to be father. I affirm him also like his father, also is one " this kind of papa, what papa! ? " though have , he says face to face for his old pa( Lu Xun): " I am papa, is still on good terms` ` ` `" however, this words I do
Then, Lu Xun again writes personally: " is son, so as future good father is from life , will go to self to have got son time, previous declaration is forgotten thoroughly long ago "( see " is situated between pavilion essay just " to" say from the photo of child"). This words use , is suitable on own the body of Lu Xun. This is his deep feeling completely. Yes! I this is hiting the mouth of Lu Xun with the hand of Lu Xun.
Actually, this is also completely that hand causes own one of Lu Xun. He from the bitter wine made from he drinks. When his that of 39 years old one year, it is also 1919. In certain one day of October of this year, complacent Lu Xun seems the bamboo of being in chest, again full is sure have written next impressively conspicuous title is that the foreign grand sight of " we now how is father " grows article, so as show that he can be a good father in the future surely. Result is that Lu Xun has put a "satellite" of " ostentatious " to us.
As soon as this "satellite" puts , is 75 years. I now happens to hold on hand have a A.D. May 1994 by the labor newspaper that Shanghai federation of trade unions sponsors " writing China" special column publishes nearly seasonable with Lu Xun 75 years ago the article of the exactly alike title made: " how we are father", author is: Jiang Long flies.
75 years, 3 acting persons. 3 acting fathers overlapping " a face of native soil ". And the face of native soil of this "father" type makes a kind of comprehensibility surely on the face of Lu Xun after shelf for perspective to lose rear miserable result: " say that is been easy. " however, as having said , that must go to accomplish. Do not go to say , is a kind of for life " is in debt ". " this life debt " must return. Who comes? I! How return? Change a kind of angle thought, that is to give up " father right". From this, have got the revolution for the face of native soil; So, have got new thought; City personality.
3 and city
October 1927, I want to ask calculate as picture - - Lu Xun, arrive Shanghai. On 8th, it is No. 25 to move to reside the land in scene cloud , with Yu Xu Guang flat Ms cohabits. Now, he has been 47 years old.
Before it is this, Lu Xun tosses about to wander in Xiamen, is between Guangzhou. The city of this two lands when he seems does not suit; So, he selects to arrive this Shanghai crest at that time to claim far east at last most metropolis, it is also " the paradise of adventurer". However, right now Lu Xun already and city is incompatible. Why can he again arrive at Shanghai? This will become one how a fan?
Say normally, Lu Xun should return the hometown to self Shao mood installs house. However, he has not returned hometown, is last guest dies Hu go up. Grow up from personality stand comes , Lu Xun and city can negotiate more , and are strange with native soil. As as this, it has not been wrong that he selects Shanghai. May he when Hu go up state again make one feel him in city is incompatible. " Shanghai is not good accommodation, do not say that is other , is the radio receipt sound of air coal ash and neighbor only , have made his vexed air bored really. "( see Xu Shou Shang " Lu Xun that I know " " the life of Lu Xun ")
Rely on a face of native soil to arrive city , aftermath can only be conflict. The nature of Lu Xun again is impetuousness many angers. Therefore, the attitude of him for metropolis life can only is not pause " for the attack of fraud "; However, he again feels very grieved, therefore he has discovered this kind of as the writing of fraud attack can only is " and fraud at the same time perishes ". May he can only again lean this one to make air , Xuan Xie so as dispel the complaint of heart.
So, Lu Xun's Hu go up trip may should not be regarded as one time politics goes up change direction? I see is may. Because " from October of 1527 years, he and party have formed the, most close alliance that most firms. Party supports Lu Xun, party points out road to Lu Xun, party leads Lu Xun to go forward. 'Zun Ming Wen Xue' of 'order' of his 'Zun Feng Xian Qu Zhe' is revolutionary struggle service with distinct color. "( see " the biography of Lu Xun "P198.212). Lu Xun of now has also received the weapon of " class struggle " at last, follow the Communist Party " this combat tank " have gone forward. So, to this, may make bold judgment completely: He has had contact with the Communist Party before arriving Shanghai, and has accepted its mission: Go to Shanghai to settle down , so as carry out cultural annihilation for Kuomintang " strike back ".
It is for Lu Xun , this may also understand.A, planB, become famous. Lu Xun of now also falls low at last to the end of classical type scholar doctor: Act as the staff of " meat person ", so as effect falcon and hound Lao. So, he is not a city intelligentsia , but is a scholar of native soil. Attack if saying him to" send recently on day" Liang really autumn for " lose false dog "" the tired running dog of capitalist" words, so, I may claim Lu Xun for " have home "" the mad dog of the proletariat". However, he is not honest very much: It is to take "ruble" to flatly deny self. Actually, he if recognize is still lovely.
" 1930Annual September, the comrades of the circle of literature and art of Shanghai for celebration his 50 birthdays, on September 17 days in the afternoon, in a Dutch vegetable house at that time of 'Fa Zu Jie', have held a not large celebration. This is the assembly of a secret. Lu Xun and his Madame Xu Guang level , still hold them will the love son sea baby of full full year of life, in a table side in garden, sometimes, sit sometimes from station, to go constantly in garden son people send greetings. Come to attend the 50 birthday celebrations of Lu Xun land besides some revolutionary writers, there are still revolutionary artist, actor, newspaper-man, student and professor, the newspaper of the Communist Party of China and the representative of the Red Army of workers and peasants edits. "( see " the biography of Lu Xun "P216).
Can you have the scene of such a "celebration" if Lu Xun is not a person who takes " ruble"? " absolutely have no in the world for no reason love ", this is that Mao Zedong is a sentence famous remark of a political leader of native soil. And Lu Xun also appreciates this sentence famous remark completely. Really, on this point, their two persons may deserve to be called " Yi monarch " as soon as the "subject" - - face of native soil is their common brand.
About" class struggle", is from theoretical assumption to real action, still " new day style " Liang domestic autumn describes frankness , is true, he thinks: " class struggle occur, is since some 'Guo Yu Fu Tong Qing Xin Er You Tai Du Pian Ji De Ling Xiu Ba Zhe Ge Jie Ji Guan Nian Chuan Shou Liao Gei Ta Men's, so arouse. " actually " the proletariat is originally that no class is conscious. "( see " the biography of Lu Xun "P204-205).
Pay from class struggle assumption Zhu practice successful the following history comes to see , have only those leader figures the person of vested interest who has become this hypothesis , and it is sought a livelihood that the proletariat still reaches as a group to sell own labourer force. Lu Xun loses is for this city personality lose , is cost with this, lean " gang free time" class struggle " mix meal to eat. Die! " hold dream come , as soon as meeting reality, convenient quilt is banished with dreamland , does not excess to demand desert. "( see Xu Shou Shang " Lu Xun that I know " " the life of Lu Xun "). Lu Xun who can't help to be unable to bear loneliness alone has sunk at last in Shanghai in this far eastern metropolis.
When the vision of Lu Xun, city is " break hat has covered downtown ", city is the "snobbish attitude" of " British elevator work ", city is " A Mao A and dog", city is " concession", city " is unlucky and layer upon layer ", city is the innocent land of " shelter evil people and practices ", city is the "paradise" of oppressor. " the sky of city quilt factory building and the building crowd of dark crow crow cut , ravage , the line of vision of people has been also given birth to cut is short. The modern person that is busy in every possible way is hard to also find a clear clear blue sky and pure white cloud again , and then is hard to also smell pure fragrant air. Breathe , breathe! The so ice-cold business hole . . . . . . of De city "( see " youth newspaper " " city business hole "< chsdate w:st=on year=1994 month=8 day=16 islunardate=False isrocdate=False>1994Year8Month16Day< chsdate/>).
Obviously, this is a kind of criticism attitude of person held for city. However, this kind of criticism attitude place Yun contain is the exclusion personality of a kind of intrinsic. What is city? Inside" new sociology dictionary" the entry of " city " explain so: " city denotes the comparison of many population group is dense and forever sex inhabit a region region. City is a complex social cultural entity. It includes having the person of the various qualities of the same sex , inhabits a region relatively densely in certain region limit. . . . . It is to contact collectively indirectly probably, so, city is also called as indirect society or organization. "
So, problem becomes very clear right off: City is natives decreasing , migrates to increase , city is that" stranger" develop the place of daily life. City with land between destiny has built " this kind of stranger " relation. Therefore this kind of relation has taken the relation of native soil and the change of a nature, is different, this kind of relation had been called: It is lateral to concern , or shouts: It is public to concern. And the relation of native soil is the relation between a kind of acquaintance , it is taking blood relationship as vertical string to link. Therefore the relation of native soil may also shout: Oppress relation, it contains two layers of meaning:A: Rule.B: Protect.
Namely, between city person, relation maintains the mutual cooperation with contract as tie and mutual equality , is taken the responsibility for mutually , has to be sharp, mutual mutually to negotiate , is supervised mutually , is counted mutually with the reference of right and duty with opposite side of self. Therefore may be this city abbreviation: " the market commercialized ". The commercial foundation of here is besides blood relationship establishment get up. This kind of ordinary case in just as the society of native soil make trading campaign specially as the temple fair of street market, all trades are settled face to face.
Perhaps, we can not lump together. Because perhaps, I of Lu Xun understands this layer of social relation i.e. city state also. Think that originally, the first matter that young angry flourishing Lu Xun does is the social enlightenment thought that introduces European ideological trend of modern literature and includes Lu Suo.1903In year, Lu Xun of 23 years old has written " Si-Ba-Da-Zhi1907In year, Lu Xun of 27 years old has written " culture to theory ", " rub Luo Shi Li say " and " tomb " to wait , fear in stylish party thought is shallow, do not know talent is valuable. Right now, Lu Xun raises a cry of warning land come doctor saves.
In middle age, Lu Xun has betraied youth Lu Xun, this not is physiological meaning goes up betray , and it is on a kind of psychological meaning, soul betray. So, he gives up first to study mine , rear pair gives up to study doctor , has decided to study literature and art finally. In youth, Lu Xun is variable , cherishes a strong peasant mood to make weapon with literature and art, for national citizen deep-rooted bad habits go on Qing Su. However, deep-rooted bad habits still when, "literature and art" again where?
Is easy to see , right now Lu Xun jump into in the sport< personname w:st=on productid=鏄?It< personname/>Monarch sage goes up ", other writing friends than
However, city is tolerant for Lu Xun, have given him eventually a live in land, though he and this city are incompatible. Have all these, just is the personality of Lu Xun on the other hand defect delivers. That is said, Lu Xun in principle the bad habit of native soil still: Impropriety is social , or says that does not like social , is excluded in front of youth student may be teacher Dao model. From this, understanding Lu Xun easily is what to say: " we are anxious to make the new soldier of big crowd" reason is very clear, person is lively , emboldens well.
This point and comparisonA: " the 5 of pretty play ( shell ) Chang meeting( see " dynasty colored night ten ") ( Yi ) society play( see ( " cry out ")( third) night play, eye links play( see " dynasty colored night ten. Have no frequently ") ( Ding ) woman hangs ( see " midstream " 3th issue). BottomB: Enter school in 6 years Bosom lesson is read , has
Omit the partial writings
Arrive from farewell Alma Mater
Loosen Dark star
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